What Is A Gerund? And Their Types Of Gerund With Examples
Understanding – What are Gerunds and Their Types
Introduction: When learning English grammar, you might have encountered the term “gerund.” Gerunds are a type of verb that functions as a noun in a sentence. They are formed by adding “-ing” to the base form of a verb, making them a popular grammatical construction in English. In this article, we will explore what a gerund is, its types, Examples and uses In Urdu and English With Translation. Also, We Will Discuss, how to use gerunds in your writing and speaking.
Gerunds With Meanings, Definition, Types & Uses In Urdu/English
Meaning of Gerunds
same masaddr – اسم مصدر
Pronunciation
jeh – ruhnd
Definition
A gerund is that form of a verb that finishes in “Ing” and is partly a verb and partly a noun. Both infinitives and gerunds have the stamina of nouns and a verb.
Examples of Gerunds
- I enjoy reading books.
- مجھے کتابیں پڑھنے کا مزہ آتا ہے۔
- Mjhe kitaben parhne ka maza ata ha.
- The teacher appreciated the student’s studying hard.
- استاد نے طالب علم کی محنت کی تعریف کی۔
- Ustad ne talab ilm ki mehnat ki tareef ki.
- Running is a great way to stay fit.
- فٹ رہنے کے لیے دوڑنا ایک بہترین طریقہ ہے۔
- Fit rhne kliay dorna aik behtreen tareeqa ha.
- Swimming in the ocean is my favorite summer activity.
- سمندر میں تیرنا میری پسندیدہ موسم گرما کی سرگرمی ہے۔
- Smander mn tairna meri psandeeda mosam srma ki sargrmi ha.
- His singing was breathtaking.
- اس کی گائیکی دم توڑ رہی تھی۔
- Uski gaiki dam tor rhi thi.
Kinds of Gerunds
- Ing form or present gerund or verbal noun
- The perfect gerund or The past gerund.
1:Ing form / present gerund / verbal noun
Definition: When the first form of the verb with “Ing” tasks as a noun, is called the gerund or present gerund or verbal noun.
(1) Subject of the verb.
For Examples
Smoking is injurious to health.
تمباکو نوشی صحت کیلئے مضر ہے۔
Tambako noshi sihat kliay muzar ha.
Alcoholism causes many diseases.
شراب نوشی بہت سی بیماریوں کا باعث بنتی ہے۔
Sharab noshi bht si bimarion ki wja bnti ha.
Walking is useful for health.
سیر صحت کیلئے مفید ہے۔
Sair sihat kliay mufeed ha.
Abusing is not a good habit.
گالی دینا اچھی عادت نہیں ہے۔
Gali daina achi adat ni ha.
(2) Object of a transitive verb.
For Examples:
I hate gambling.
میں جوا بازی سے نفرت کرتا ہوں۔
Mn jowa bazi se nafrat krta hn.
Children stopped talking.
بچوں نے باتیں کرنا بند کردیا۔
Bachon ne baten krna band krdia.
We enjoy playing on Sunday.
ہم اتوار کو کھیلنا پسند کرتے ہیں۔
Hm itwar ko khailna psand krte hn.
He likes teasing.
وہ تنگ کرنا پسند کرتا ہے۔
Wo tang krna psand krta ha.
(3) Subject of a preposition.
For Examples:
She is fond of singing.
وہ گائیکی کی شوقین ہے۔
Wo gaiki ki shoqeen ha.
I am tired of studying.
میں پڑھائی سے تھکا ہوا ہوں۔
Mn prhai se thaka hwa hn.
He is in the habit of smoking.
اسے تمباکو نوشی کی عادت ہے۔
Usay tmbako noshi ki adat ha.
They were talking about fishing.
وہ مچھلی پکڑنے کی بات کر رہے تھے۔
Wo machli pakrne ki bat kr rhe the.
(4) Complement of a verb.
For Examples:
Seeing is believing.
دیکھنا یقین کرنا ہے۔
Daikhna yaqeen krna ha.
The most hated thing is lying.
سب سے ناپسندیدہ چیز جھوٹ بولنا ہے۔
Sbse na psndeeda chez jhot bolna ha.
Hearing is obeying.
بات سننا اطاعت کرنا ہے۔
Bat sunna atat krna ha.
What he likes best is fishing.
وہ جس چیز کو زیادہ پسند کرتا ہے وہ ماہی گیری ہے۔
Wo jis chez ko ziada psand krta ha wo mahi gairi ha.
(5) As a compound noun.
For Examples:
A flying plane.
پروازی جہاز۔
Prwazi jahaz.
A frying pan.
پکانے کا برتن۔
Pakane ka brtan.
A swimming costume.
تیراکی لباس۔
Teraki libas,.
(6) Preceded by a noun or pronoun.
For Examples:
He insisted on my being present in the meeting.
اس نے اجلاس میں میری موجودگی پر اصرار کیا۔
Usne ijlas mn meri majodgi pr israr kia.
I hope you will excuse my leaving early.
امید ہے آپ میرا جلدی جانا معاف کردیں گے۔
Umeed ha ap mera jaldi jana maaf kr den ge.
She persisted in Ali’s staying with her.
اس نے اپنے پاس علی کے قیام پر اصرار کیا۔
Usne apne pass Ali k qiam pr israr kia.
The Perfect Gerund
Definition: The perfect gerund is used to express the completed actions of the past; it gives the meaning of the present and the past in perfect tense.
For Examples:
| The perfect gerund | Meaning |
| She accepts having taken the money. | She accepts that she has taken the money. |
| She will accept having taken the money. | She will accept that she has taken the money. |
| She accepted having taken the money. | She accepted that she had taken the money. |
Participial adjective / Verbal adjective
Definition: When a verb works as a “verb “ and an “adjective “, it is called a participial /verbal adjective.
Types of participial
- The present participial
- The past participial
- The perfect participial
(1) The present participial
when the first form of the verb with “Ing” works as a verb, as an adjective, or as an adverb, is called the present participial.
(1)As the main verb :
For Examples:
I am studying.
میں پڑھائی کررہا ہوں۔
Mn Prahai kr rha hn.
We will be sleeping at this time tomorrow.
ہم کل اس وقت سورہے ہوں گے۔
Hm kal is wqt so rhe hn ge.
They were playing there.
وہ وہاں کھیل رہے تھے۔
Wo whan khail rhe the.
They will be coming today.
وہ آج آئیں گے۔
Wo aj aen ge.
(2)As an adjective :
For Examples:
The doctor saved the life of the dying patient.
ڈاکٹر نے قریب از مرگ مریض کی جان بچا لی۔
Doctor ne qareeb az marg mareez ki jan bcha li.
Running water is always fresh.
بہتا ہوا پانی ہمیشہ تازہ ہوتا ہے۔
Bahta hwa pani hmaisha taza hota ha.
Let the sleeping dogs sleep.
سوئے ہوئے کتوں کو سونے دو۔
Soy hoy kutton ko sone do.
(2) The past participial
The third form of the verb is called past participial. It works both as a verb and as an adjective.
(1)As a verb :
For Examples:
I have finished my work.
میں نے اپنا کام ختم کرلیا ہے۔
Mane apna kam khatm kr lia ha.
She has passed the test.
اس نے ٹیسٹ پاس کرلیا ہے۔
Usne test passe kr lia ha.
We won the match.
ہم نے میچ جیت لیا ہے۔
Hm ne match jeet lia ha.
(2)As an adjective :
For Examples:
He is an experienced teacher.
وہ ایک تجربہ کار استاد ہے۔
Wo aik tjarba kar ustad ha.
They are trained soldiers.
وہ تربیت یافتہ فوجی ہیں۔
Wo trbiat yafta foji hn.
(3) The perfect participial
The perfect participial shows that someone completed an action and started another action in the past.
Formula: Having +IIIV + obj+, +sub + the past indefinite tense
For Examples:
Having beaten his brother, he ran away.
وہ اپنے بھائی کو مار کر بھاگ گیا۔
Wo apne bhai ko mar kr bhag gia.
Having abused his teacher, he ran away.
وہ اپنے استاد کو گالی دے کر بھاگ گیا۔
Wo apne usatad ko gali de kr bhag gia.
Having won the race, she was laughing.
وہ ریس جیت کر ہنس رہی تھی۔
Wo race jeet kr hanse rhi thi.
Having watched the film, she went out.
فلم دیکھ کر وہ باہر نکل گیا۔
Film daikh kr wo bahir nikal gia.
FAQs
How to pronounce gerund?
The pronunciation of “gerund” is jeh – ruhnd.
Are gerunds always formed by adding “-ing” to the base form of a verb?
Yes, gerunds are always formed by adding “-ing” to the base form of a verb.
Can a gerund function as an object of preposition?
Yes, a gerund can function as an object of preposition.
Is a gerund a type of noun?
Yes, a gerund is a type of noun.
Can a gerund be used as a subject or object in a sentence?
Yes, a gerund can be used as a subject or object in a sentence.
Conclusion
Gerunds are a vital part of English grammar, and understanding how to use them can enhance your writing and speaking skills. They act as a noun in a sentence and can take on different roles such as the subject, object, or complement. There are various types of gerunds, including subject, object, possessive, and object of preposition gerunds. By using gerunds correctly, you can make your writing more concise and impactful.
Gerunds PDF Download With Examples
As we have discussed in detail what is a gerund? types of a gerund with examples in the above article. Make your time valuable and get a PDF of the Sentences without wasting time by clicking on the link below.
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